4 JUSTICE Wordlist

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Domanda English Risposta English
prove
The word prove means to demonstrate the truth or existence of (something) by evidence or argument.
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to show that (something) is true by providing facts, information etc
He claims the police destroyed records that could prove the officer’s innocence.
dawn raid
A surprise visit at dawn, especially by police searching for criminals or illicit goods. ‘armed police carried out a dawn raid’ ‘five men have been arrested in a dawn raid on a caravan site’
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an attack or operation by soldiers or police that happens very early in the morning
The police carried out dawn raids on the suspects’ houses.
carry out
Do (survey, investigation, research, review, plan, threat) When you carry something out, you do a task. It's going to be difficult to carry out that plan.
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to do something that needs to be organised and planned
It became clear that Smith had carried out the crime.
driving
Driving is the controlled operation and movement of a motorized vehicle with wheels, such as a car, motorcycle, truck, or bus by either a human or computer controller.
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the activity of driving a car, truck etc
He had to appear in court for a driving offence.
report
Give a spoken or written account of something that one has observed, heard, done, or investigated.
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to tell the police or someone in authority that an accident or crime has happened
I’d like to report a crime.
previous
coming or occurring before something else; prior: the previous owner.
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having happened or existed before the event, time, or thing that you are talking about now
I’ve met him before on two previous occasions.
appeal against
To attempt to change a legal decision. Don't worry, we will appeal against the judge's sentence.
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to make a formal request to a court or someone in authority asking for a decision to be changed
Both men intend to appeal against their sentences.
protest
a strong complaint expressing disagreement, disapproval, or opposition: Protests have been made/registered by many people who would be affected by the proposed changes.
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to state very firmly that something is true, when other people do not believe you
Years later, he is still protesting his innocence.
commit
You will commit a crime in the future. to do; perform; perpetrate: to commit murder; to commit an error.
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to do something wrong or illegal
Women commit fewer crimes than men.
suspend
to defer to a later time on specified conditions | suspend sentence
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if a criminal’s sentence is suspended, they are told they will be sent to prison if they do anything else illegal within the time mentioned
The judge suspended his sentence for two years.
drugs-related
What is a drug? “Drugs are substances that change the intended functioning of the mind and/ or body and that are being used for reasons other than the treatment of a medical condition”.
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connected with or caused by illegal substances such as marijuana or cocaine, which some people take in order to feel happy, relaxed, or excited
She was sentenced to six months in prison for drugs-related offences.
police raid
A police raid is a raid by law enforcement officers often in the early morning or late at night, hoping to use the element of surprise to arrest targets
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a surprise visit made to a place by the police to search for something illegal
Two suspects were arrested during the police raid.
drugs raid
a sudden and unexpected visit by the police, often involving forced entry, with the aim of finding any illegal drugs
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a surprise visit made to a place by the police to search for illegal drugs
There was a drugs raid in the next street last night.
wrongful conviction
“ Anybody who understands the justice system knows innocent people are convicted every day".
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a wrongful conviction is unfair or illegal because the person affected by it has done nothing wrong
Her wrongful conviction meant that she went to prison for an offence she didn’t commit.
difficult
not easily or readily done; requiring much labor, skill, or planning to be performed successfully; hard: a difficult job.
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hard to do, understand, or deal with
It’s difficult to see how more savings can be made
help
I don't want to like you but I can't help it.
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used to say that someone is unable to change their behaviour or feelings, or to prevent themselves from doing something
I can’t help the way I feel about you. "Stop biting your nails.’ ‘I can’t help it.’
fault
Everything is my fault. a mistake, especially something for which you are to blame
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if something bad that has happened is your fault, you should be blamed for it, because you made a mistake or failed to do something
I’m really sorry, but it’s not my fault.
funny
I love you. | Ily2 (I love you two) | say it properly
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unusual, strange, or difficult to explain
It’s funny how you remember the words of songs, even ones you don’t really like.
shame
A painful feeling of humiliation or distress caused by the consciousness of wrong or foolish behaviour
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used when you wish a situation was different, and you feel sad or disappointed
It’s a shame that you have to leave so soon.
appear
come into sight
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used to say how something seems, especially from what you know about it or from what you can see
Police say there appear to be signs of a break-in.
important
Life is too important to be taken seriously.
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an important event, decision, problem etc has a big effect or influence on people’s lives or on events in the future
It’s important to explain the procedure to the patient.
wonder
As a verb, to wonder means ‘to ask yourself’ or ‘to think about something,’ ‘to have doubts about something,’ and also ‘to be amazed,’ usually followed by at.
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used to say that you are not surprised by something
It’s no wonder you’ve got a headache, the amount you drank last night.
human rights
Freedom, trust, justice, love, rule of law, peace, prosperity, dignity, equality
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the basic rights that many societies think every person should have to be treated in a fair equal way without cruelty, for example by their government, or the right to vote
There are claims of human rights being violated in the country.
intellectual property
infringment, licensing, secrets, law, industrial, protection, trademark, brand, patent, invention, copyright
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something which someone has invented or has the right to make or sell, especially something that cannot legally be copied by other people
I wrote this book, so it is my intellectual property.
child labour
Child labour refers to the employment of children in any work that deprives children of their childhood, interferes with their ability to attend regular school, and that is mentally, physically, socially or morally dangerous and harmful.
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the use of children to do work that is normally done by adults
The company has been accused of using child labour for the production of its garments.
economic development
land | labor | capital | economic development | Economic development is the process by which a nation improves the economic, political, and social well-being of its people.
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the process of gradually becoming financially bigger, better, stronger, or more advanced
The US has been keen to encourage economic development in Egypt.
capital punishment
Why do we kill people who kill people to show killing people is wrong?
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punishment which involves killing someone who has committed a crime
In some states, capital punishment is used for murderers.
religious freedom
Hinduism, Judaism, Islam, Christianity, Buddism, Sikhism
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freedom to have any religious beliefs
The people were given religious freedom for the first time in the country’s history.
environmental awareness
reduce, reuse, recycle, recover
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knowledge or understanding of how the air, water, and land on Earth are affected by man’s activities
Political organisations have tried to raise environmental awareness.
gun control
more guns | more death
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laws that limit the ways in which guns can be sold, owned, and used
The NRA are against gun control in any form.
illegal immigration
illegal immigration began in 1492
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the process of entering another country illegally in order to live there permanently
He called for a common European policy on illegal immigration.
civil liberties
CIVIL RIGHTS Prevent discrimination CIVIL LIBERTIES Provide basic rights and freedom
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the right to be free to do what you want within the law
Detention without trial threatens our civil liberties.
free trade
Global markets Hayek! Free trade The invisible hand! Laissez-faire is fair! Protectionism costs jobs!
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a situation in which the goods coming into or going out of a country are not controlled or taxed
We want to encourage free trade across Europe.
freedom of speech
Freedom of speech should have no limits.
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the legal right to say what you want
We will defend freedom of speech and oppose censorship.
white-collar crime
white - collar crime is: "as crime committed by people of high social position in the course of their occupations."
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crimes by professional people that involve ways of illegally getting money
White-collar crime costs American companies over $100 billion a year.
illiteracy
Illiteracy is a life sentence.
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the situation of not knowing how to read or write
Illiteracy in modern Britain cannot be permitted.
Literacy
Literacy is defining to the ability of read and write. It is an evolving concept which entails not only the grasping abilities of printed text but also the skills to adapt visual entities and technological awareness as well.
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Literacy The modern term's meaning has been expanded to include the ability to use language, numbers, images, computers, and other basic means to understand, communicate, gain useful knowledge and use the dominant symbol systems of a culture.
Problem Solving Communication Synthesis Technology Critical Thinking
poverty
homeless | jobless. What is poverty? — Poverty is not just a lack of money. It's about a lack of hope.
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the situation or experience of being poor
Millions of elderly people live in poverty.
gender inequality
What is gender inequality: gender inequality is the unequal treatment or perceptions of individuals based on their gender, It arises from differences in socially constructed gender roles.
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when men and women are treated differently, in a way that is unfair
Gender inequality means that many women are paid less than men for the same job.
censorship
the control of the information and ideas circulated within a society. The worst part about censorship is...
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the practice or system of censoring something
Censorship of books is common in some countries.
ageism
Ageism is the stereotypical construction of old age.
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unfair treatment of people because they are old
The new law aims to stop ageism in the workplace.
organised crime
criminal activities that are planned and controlled by powerful groups and carried out on a large scale.
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a large and powerful organisation of criminals
Organised crime is involved in drug trafficking.
antisocial behaviour
It can range from playing loud music to racial and other forms of harassment, including threatening behaviour, acts of violence or abuse.
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antisocial behaviour is violent or harmful to other people, or shows that you do not care about other people
She was finding it hard to cope with her son’s increasingly antisocial behaviour.
dilemma
Dilemma occurs when there are two things and you are not able to choose or decide which one to choose
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a situation in which it is very difficult to decide what to do, because all the choices seem equally good or equally bad
I’m in a dilemma about this job offer.
take into consideration
Learn how to take other peoples feelings into consideration.
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to remember to think about (something important) when you are making a decision or judgment
We will take your recent illness into consideration when marking your exams.
think through
If you think a situation through, you consider it thoroughly, together with all its possible effects or consequences.
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to think carefully about the possible results of (something)
It’s my fault. I didn’t think it through.
pros and cons
The pros and cons of something are its advantages and disadvantages, which you consider carefully so that you can make a sensible decision.
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the advantages and disadvantages of something
We discussed the pros and cons of going to university.
weigh up
Weigh up the risk against the potential benefits
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to consider (something) carefully so that you can make a decision about it
We’re still weighing up the pros and cons of the two options.
predicament
Which one will be your choice? Love | Money | Luck | Predicament
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a difficult or unpleasant situation in which you do not know what to do, or in which you have to make a difficult choice
She went to the office to explain her predicament.
benefit
The advantage gained from something. the benefit of eating vegetables is that you are healthier. 2: benefit of the doubt. Choosing to believe someone despite their story or claims being likely to be untrue.
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an advantage, improvement, or help that you get from something
What are the benefits of contact lenses?
drawback
A disadvantage or inconvenience
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a disadvantage of a situation, plan, product etc
It’s a great city – the only drawback is the weather.
bear in mind
Remember a fact or circumstance and take it into account.
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to remember (a fact or piece of information) that is important or could be useful in the future
Bear in mind that some children will need help.
assess
to estimate or judge the value, character, etc., of; evaluate: to assess one's efforts.
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to make a judgment about (a person or situation) after thinking carefully about it
The report assesses the impact of advertising on children.
mastermind
Keep calm | I'm the mastermind |The architect behind something. The planner and instigator of something.
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someone who plans and organises a complicated operation, especially a criminal operation
He is suspected of being the mastermind behind the bombings.
con
deprive of by deceit
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to get money from (someone) by deceiving them
He conned me out of £300.
fake
friends-fake-followers
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made to look like a real material or object in order to deceive people
She gave me a fake 20 dollar bill.
provenance
place or source of origin
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the place where something originally came from
The provenance of the paintings is unknown.
forgery
Forgery is a criminal act that takes place when a person falsifies something with the intent to deceive another person or entity.
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a document, painting, or piece of paper money that has been copied illegally
The painting was a very clever forgery.
con artist
A person who defrauds or swindles others after first gaining their trust, a scam operator...
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someone who tricks or deceives people in order to get money from them
He was a very clever con artist and made lots of money.

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