Domanda  |
Risposta |
The Present Perfect means inizia ad imparare
|
|
"past-time-related-to-present-time"
|
|
|
He was in prison for ten years. (= Now he's out) inizia ad imparare
|
|
He has been in prison for ten years. (=He's still there)
|
|
|
That house has been empty for ages. (A) STATE LEADING UP TO THE PRESENT inizia ad imparare
|
|
|
|
|
Have you (ever) been to Florence? (B) INDEFINITE EVENT(S) IN A PERIOD LEADING UP TO THE PRESENT TIME inizia ad imparare
|
|
Have you ever been to Florence?
|
|
|
All my family have had measles. (B) INDEFINITE EVENT(S) IN A PERIOD LEADING UP TO THE PRESENT TIME inizia ad imparare
|
|
|
|
|
He has attended lectures regularly. (C) HABIT IN A PERIOD LEADING UP TO THE PRESENT TIME inizia ad imparare
|
|
|
|
|
(C) HABIT IN A PERIOD LEADING UP TO THE PRESENT TIME inizia ad imparare
|
|
|
|
|
Her doll has been broken. (C) HABIT IN A PERIOD LEADING UP TO THE PRESENT TIME inizia ad imparare
|
|
(ie "it's still not mended")
|
|
|
|
inizia ad imparare
|
|
|
|
|
There is a special problem of past-time reference in English: inizia ad imparare
|
|
The question of how to choose between the use of the past tense and the use the perfect aspect.
|
|
|
The Past Tense is used when the past happening is related to a definite time in the past, which we may call "THEN". inizia ad imparare
|
|
In contrast, the PERFECT ASPECT is used for a past happening which is seen in relation to a later event or time.
|
|
|
Have you eaten (yet)? I've studied your report (already). inizia ad imparare
|
|
The present perfect often refers to the recent indefinite past.
|
|
|
Some adverbials go with the past inizia ad imparare
|
|
and others with the present perfect
|
|
|
THE PAST (point or period of time [which finished] in the past) inizia ad imparare
|
|
I saw him yesterday (evening), last night, last Monday, a week ago, a month ago, in the morning, on Wednesday, in June, in 1974, at four o'clock, the other day.
|
|
|
THE PRESENT PERFECT (period leading up to present, or recent past time) inizia ad imparare
|
|
I haven't seen him since Tuesday, last week, since I met you, so far, up to now, lately.
|
|
|
|
inizia ad imparare
|
|
I saw him today, this week, month, year, recently. He always/never forgot my wife's birthday.
|
|
|
|
inizia ad imparare
|
|
I have seen him today, this week, month, year, recently. He's always/never forgotten my wife's birthday.
|
|
|
